Regenerative Agriculture and Gardening has functioned for 4000 years without interruption and is the most productive form of agriculture and gardening. Regenerative agriculture and gardening is 100% biological and works in nature's biological cycle.
Agriculture
Agriculture can be Degenerative, Generative and Regenerative. There are three known forms of agriculture in Denmark and comparable countries. It is Conventional, Organic and Biodynamic agriculture, where it is about ploughing, harrowing, draining, spraying, etc.
Degenerative agriculture is always based on Reductionist thinking with complicated plans that are always about fighting nature.
Regenerative agriculture is based on Holistic thinking and is always based on complex models and solutions, here nature is included as much as possible. In the following, more is explained about the types of agriculture found in and around Denmark.
Conventional and organic agriculture
Conventional and organic agriculture is degenerative. Degenerative technologies, pesticides, synthetic fertilizers, etc. are used here. All methods that fight nature in every possible way. Direct for the conventional and to some extent indirect when it comes to organic farming.
Biodynamic agriculture
Biodynamic agriculture can be regenerative in some areas. Biodynamic agriculture works to develop nature's biological cycle Soil - Plants - Animals. Where ruminants come along in the farm's crop rotation, there is a basis for biodynamic agriculture to be regenerative, when there is no plowing and a constant plant cover is ensured, so that life is maintained in the soil all year round. Where plowing, draining, etc. Biodynamic agriculture is at best generative but often also degenerative.
Regenerative agriculture
There is a fourth for agriculture is Regenerative Agriculture. It is the only form of agriculture that has functioned for 4000 years without interruption. Here it is about collaborating with nature in every possible way to maintain nature's biological cycle between EARTH, PLANTS and ANIMALS. Compost is produced from all biomasses, there is no biological waste, all forms of output are an input to the next link in the biological cycle. Read the book: Farmers of Forty Centuries; Or Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea, and Japan.
Permaculture
Permaculture is one of many models/methods for how food and other agricultural products can be produced regeneratively. There is always a permanent plant cover of food producing plants. Perennial plants are grown in several layers at the same time as there is as much nature and as many animals as possible.
Permaculture or forest gardens were found everywhere in Denmark 80-90 years ago, back then it was called an Fruit-garden. Here they grew fruit, berries, nuts, vegetables, etc. at the same time as there were chickens, goats, and other small animals.
Fruit-gardens are still found in Eastern Europe and Russia; the Russian Dacha is a good example of permaculture.
Regenerative establishment
Regenerative Agriculture and permaculture are established most often and perhaps best, by producing Biocomplete Compost or Matured Compost to restore the biology in the soil and on the plants. It is a complex process to re-establish biology, which must be thought of holistically and a copy of nature must be established with annual and perennial plants and as many different animals as possible. Nature must be allowed in wherever possible.
But the methods and procedures that must be used, have existed for several million years in nature and has been used for 1000's of years in agriculture and gardening around, so it is only about establishing nature's biological cycle, SOIL-PLANTS-ANIMALS.